What is capacitive coupling in the context of minimally invasive surgery?

• A. Electrical interference from the active electrode
• B. Direct contact with a metallic instrument
• C. Pedal malfunction during surgery
• D. Insulation defect in the sterile field

Answer: (A)

Capacitive coupling refers to the phenomenon where electrical energy is transferred from an active electrode through capacitive fields to adjacent conductive materials, such as metallic instruments in minimally invasive surgery. When the active electrode generates a high-frequency electrical current, it can unintentionally cause interference in nearby devices or instruments that are not intended to carry that electrical energy. This can lead to unintended burns or tissue damage, as the energy can discharge into nearby structures rather than solely targeting the intended surgical site.

In this context, the mention of electrical interference from the active electrode highlights the risk associated with not just the direct application of the electrode but also the potential for energy to inadvertently be directed elsewhere, impacting patient safety. Ensuring that proper techniques and safeguards are in place during procedures can help mitigate the risks associated with capacitive coupling, making awareness of this phenomenon crucial for perioperative practitioners.