What is defined as surgery that is performed urgently to save a patient’s life or limb?

• A. Elective surgery
• B. Planned surgery
• C. Emergency surgery
• D. Minor surgery

Answer: (C)

Emergency surgery is characterized by its urgent nature, specifically aimed at preserving a patient's life or a limb when faced with an acute medical condition. This type of surgery cannot be postponed without significant risk to the patient. It is typically required in situations such as traumatic injuries, internal bleeding, or life-threatening infections, where immediate intervention is crucial to prevent severe complications or death.

The other terms such as elective surgery refer to procedures that are scheduled in advance and are not urgent, while planned surgery may also be organized ahead of time but does not necessarily involve the immediate risk associated with emergency situations. Minor surgery refers to procedures that may not require general anesthesia and typically include less complex operations, which again do not align with the urgent life-saving nature that defines emergency surgery. Thus, the identification of this type of surgery is essential in understanding the critical nature of certain medical interventions in perioperative care.