What is the primary method for administering antibiotics during the intraoperative phase?

• A. Intravenous route
• B. Intraosseous route
• C. Subcutaneous route
• D. Intramuscular route

Answer: (A)

The primary method for administering antibiotics during the intraoperative phase is through the intravenous route. This approach is preferred because it allows for rapid delivery of the medication directly into the bloodstream, ensuring that therapeutic levels are achieved quickly. This is crucial in the perioperative setting, where timely antibiotic administration can significantly reduce the risk of surgical site infections.

Intravenous administration also facilitates precise control over dosing and allows the healthcare team to respond more efficiently to any changes in patient condition during surgery. Other routes, such as intraosseous, subcutaneous, and intramuscular, do not provide the same immediate and reliable absorption necessary for intraoperative antibiotic efficacy. Intraosseous routes may be utilized in emergency situations but are not the standard for routine antibiotic prophylaxis. Subcutaneous injections generally have slower absorption rates and are not ideal for situations requiring immediate effect. Similarly, intramuscular injections can have variable absorption times and are not typically used in the surgical setting for antibiotic administration.