What is the primary purpose of the surgical scrub?

• A. To prepare a patient for surgery
• B. To reduce the number of microorganisms on the skin prior to surgery
• C. To clean the surgical instruments
• D. To maintain the cleanliness of the operating room

Answer: (B)

The primary purpose of the surgical scrub is to reduce the number of microorganisms on the skin prior to surgery. This action is crucial in preventing surgical site infections, which are a significant concern in the perioperative environment. By performing a thorough surgical scrub, the surgical team minimizes the risk of bacteria and other pathogens being introduced to the surgical site, thereby enhancing patient safety.

While preparing a patient for surgery, cleaning surgical instruments, and maintaining the cleanliness of the operating room are all essential aspects of the surgical process, they serve different purposes. Patient preparation focuses on ensuring the patient is ready for the procedure, including managing anxiety and ensuring comfort. Cleaning surgical instruments is vital for preventing cross-contamination and maintaining a sterile field, while keeping the operating room clean is important for overall infection control. However, the specific act of the surgical scrub directly targets the decontamination of the skin to reduce microbial load, which is essential for minimizing the risk of infection during surgery.