What items are considered contaminated according to the principle of surgical conscience?

• A. Items sealed in sterilized packages
• B. Items of doubtful sterility
• C. Unused surgical tools
• D. Gowns and drapes

Answer: (B)

Items of doubtful sterility are considered contaminated according to the principle of surgical conscience. This principle emphasizes the importance of maintaining a sterile environment during surgical procedures to prevent infections and ensure patient safety. If an item’s sterility is uncertain—whether because it was improperly stored, not properly sterilized, or if there has been a breach in its packaging—it should be considered contaminated.

In clinical practice, this guideline allows perioperative staff to adhere to strict infection control measures, ensuring that any questionable items are not used on or near the surgical site. This cautious approach is vital in minimizing the risk of postoperative infections and promoting positive patient outcomes.

In contrast, items sealed in sterilized packages are typically regarded as sterile until opened. Unused surgical tools are also considered sterile if they have remained unopened and within the sterile field. Gowns and drapes, if properly laundered and handled, should not be automatically deemed contaminated. Thus, it's essential to focus on the certainty of sterility when handling surgical items, emphasizing the importance of vigilance and accountability in sterile techniques.