When is it appropriate to defer ethical dilemmas in the surgical setting?

• A. When the nurse is uncertain
• B. When the surgeon is involved in the case
• C. When the nurse is not emotionally engaged
• D. When there is no established ethics committee

Answer: (B)

Deferring ethical dilemmas in the surgical setting is appropriate when the surgeon is involved in the case. This is because surgeons often have a comprehensive understanding of the clinical implications and procedural nuances that inform ethical decisions related to patient care during surgery. They are responsible for the immediate technical aspects of the operation and often have the authority to address ethical concerns as they arise.

In many surgical contexts, the surgeon's expertise can help clarify complex ethical issues, ensure patient safety, and guide the surgical team in making informed decisions that align with the patient's best interests. The collaborative nature of surgical teams means that the surgeon's leadership can establish a clear direction when ethical dilemmas might otherwise create uncertainty or conflict among team members.

While uncertainty, emotional engagement, and the presence of an ethics committee can influence how dilemmas are navigated, they do not inherently provide a basis for deferring critical ethical considerations. A surgeon's involvement indicates that there is an experienced professional at the helm, making it more appropriate to address these matters collaboratively and efficiently in the best interest of patient care.